A number of students seem to be having trouble distinguishing between the specification of a function and its implementation. Think about it this way. Suppose you were asking an employee (you are the boss) to write a function. The specification is what you would tell the employee so that he or she would know what to write.  Because the function doesn't yet exist, there is no code you can point to as a way to describe the function. 

For each of the functions in the assignments, you should be able to tell me that function's specification. It might be useful to write down the specification of each function as a comment just before the function type declaration.