Prof. Sun,

I met the following issues when retrieve reviews with image.

It seems that PSQL could not solve the LOB in auto-commit mode.

But, after I turn autocommit to off in psql, this error still occur.

How can to solve this problem?

root cause

org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: Large Objects may not be used in auto-commit mode.

	org.postgresql.largeobject.LargeObjectManager.open(LargeObjectManager.java:200)
	org.postgresql.largeobject.LargeObjectManager.open(LargeObjectManager.java:172)
	org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2BlobClob.<init>(AbstractJdbc2BlobClob.java:47)
	org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Blob.<init>(AbstractJdbc2Blob.java:21)
	org.postgresql.jdbc3.AbstractJdbc3Blob.<init>(AbstractJdbc3Blob.java:19)
	org.postgresql.jdbc4.AbstractJdbc4Blob.<init>(AbstractJdbc4Blob.java:20)
	org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Blob.<init>(Jdbc4Blob.java:20)
	org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4ResultSet.getBlob(Jdbc4ResultSet.java:52)
	org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2ResultSet.getBlob(AbstractJdbc2ResultSet.java:336)
	sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor25.invoke(Unknown Source)
	sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
	org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.AbstractResultSetProxyHandler.continueInvocation(AbstractResultSetProxyHandler.java:104)
	org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.proxy.AbstractProxyHandler.invoke(AbstractProxyHandler.java:81)
	$Proxy34.getBlob(Unknown Source)
	org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BlobTypeDescriptor$5.doExtract(BlobTypeDescriptor.java:118)
	org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor.extract(BasicExtractor.java:65)
	org.hibernate.type.AbstractStandardBasicType.nullSafeGet(AbstractStandardBasicType.java:269)
	org.hibernate.type.AbstractStandardBasicType.nullSafeGet(AbstractStandardBasicType.java:265)
	org.hibernate.type.AbstractStandardBasicType.nullSafeGet(AbstractStandardBasicType.java:238)
	org.hibernate.type.AbstractStandardBasicType.hydrate(AbstractStandardBasicType.java:357)
	org.hibernate.persister.entity.AbstractEntityPersister.hydrate(AbstractEntityPersister.java:2702)
	org.hibernate.loader.Loader.loadFromResultSet(Loader.java:1541)
	org.hibernate.loader.Loader.instanceNotYetLoaded(Loader.java:1473)
	org.hibernate.loader.Loader.getRow(Loader.java:1373)
	org.hibernate.loader.Loader.getRowFromResultSet(Loader.java:640)
	org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQuery(Loader.java:850)
	org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:289)
	org.hibernate.loader.Loader.doQueryAndInitializeNonLazyCollections(Loader.java:259)
	org.hibernate.loader.Loader.loadCollection(Loader.java:2159)
	org.hibernate.loader.collection.CollectionLoader.initialize(CollectionLoader.java:61)
	org.hibernate.persister.collection.AbstractCollectionPersister.initialize(AbstractCollectionPersister.java:622)
	org.hibernate.event.internal.DefaultInitializeCollectionEventListener.onInitializeCollection(DefaultInitializeCollectionEventListener.java:82)
	org.hibernate.internal.SessionImpl.initializeCollection(SessionImpl.java:1718)
	org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.initialize(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:379)
	org.hibernate.collection.internal.AbstractPersistentCollection.read(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:112)
	org.hibernate.collection.internal.PersistentSet.iterator(PersistentSet.java:180)
	org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.common.core.ForEachSupport.toForEachIterator(ForEachSupport.java:348)
	org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.common.core.ForEachSupport.supportedTypeForEachIterator(ForEachSupport.java:224)
	org.apache.taglibs.standard.tag.common.core.ForEachSupport.prepare(ForEachSupport.java:155)
	javax.servlet.jsp.jstl.core.LoopTagSupport.doStartTag(LoopTagSupport.java:256)
	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.user.showReviews_jsp._jspx_meth_c_005fforEach_005f0(showReviews_jsp.java:155)
	org.apache.jsp.WEB_002dINF.user.showReviews_jsp._jspService(showReviews_jsp.java:103)
	org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase.service(HttpJspBase.java:70)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServletWrapper.service(JspServletWrapper.java:432)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.serviceJspFile(JspServlet.java:390)
	org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet.service(JspServlet.java:334)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceView.renderMergedOutputModel(InternalResourceView.java:238)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.view.AbstractView.render(AbstractView.java:262)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.render(DispatcherServlet.java:1180)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:950)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:852)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:882)
	org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:778)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:621)
	javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:311)
	org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:116)
	org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:83)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:113)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:101)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:113)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:54)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:45)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(BasicAuthenticationFilter.java:150)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.authentication.ui.DefaultLoginPageGeneratingFilter.doFilter(DefaultLoginPageGeneratingFilter.java:91)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:182)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:105)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:87)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:323)
	org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:173)
	org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:346)
	org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:259)
	org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter.doFilterInternal(OpenEntityManagerInViewFilter.java:147)
	org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:76)